Louis Pasteur
Louis Pasteur's Études sur la Bière (English translation, Studies on Fermentation, the Diseases of Beer...) is the result of his ground-breaking studies on yeast fermentation and preventing bacterial infections in brewing. In the seventh chapter of the work, he described a new method for producing beer, which includes a heating step to kill any bacteria. This process is now called "pasteurization" and is used not only in brewing, but also in processing milk and other food products subject to bacterial degradation.