| About PhiloLogic | The ARTFL Project | EFTS | Sample Searches | Databases under PhiloLogic |
About PhiloLogic:
PhiloLogic in its simplest form can serve as a document retrieval/look up
mechanism whereby users can search a relational database to retrieve given
titles and, in some implementations, portions of texts such as acts,
scenes, articles, or head-words. This same document retrieval mechanism
serves as the basis for defining a corpus in a full-text search. The
typical PhiloLogic search is broken down into five distinct stages:
defining a corpus (i.e. limiting a search), word expansion, word index
searching, text extraction, and link resolution and formatting (e.g., SGML
to HTML conversion). In other words, after defining a corpus (or one may
search an entire database), one can execute a single term, phrase or
proximity search. By looking up indices of the word(s) in a relational
database, PhiloLogic extracts blocks of text containing the search term(s)
with links to larger blocks of text. These extracts are formatted to
display on a Web browser and sometimes include links to images, other
texts, and other databases.
In addition to simple word and phrase searches, users can perform more
sophisticated searches by using extended UNIX-style regular
expressions and, in some implementations, morphological and orthographical
expansion. All of these mechanisms to expand words can be combined using
Boolean operators such as OR (the vertical bar "|") and AND (a space)
within a variety of searching contexts.
The Text Collection Version of PhiloLogic:1. Introduction
PhiloLogic, developed by the ARTFL Project at the University of Chicago in collaboration with The University of Chicago Library's Electronic Text Services, provides sophisticated searching of a wide variety of large encoded databases on the World Wide Web. It is an easy to use, yet
powerful, full-text search, retrieval, and reporting system for large
multimedia databases (texts, images, sound) with the ability to understand
complex text structures (e.g., SGML, BetaCode) with rich metadata. Its
functions were originally designed and continue to be for scholarly
research in databases of literary, religious, philosophical, and historical
texts. Important historical encyclopedias and dictionaries are also
ideally suited for development under PhiloLogic. The
Encyclopédie Project, for example, is an implementation of a
full hypermedia system supporting full-text retrieval and navigation with
hyper-textual cross-referencing and full digital imaging support in a
single, easy-to-use system.
This version of PhiloLogic has been developed by the ARTFL Project in
collaboration with the University of Chicago Library's Electronic Text Services
(ETS). Other versions of PhiloLogic, including those
developed for dictionaries and encyclopedias, have somewhat different functionality. Accordingly, the documentation which follows outlines
elements of PhiloLogic that are specific to databases of collections
of texts.
This documentation provides general user documentation for the main
functions and features of PhiloLogic. The search-forms for individual databases under PhiloLogic link to this documentation
and describe database-specific features and provide database-specific
searching tips as well.
2. Searching the Bibliography
Bibliographic searching in PhiloLogic has two distinct purposes: 1) to
allow the user to locate particular documents and read them online
("document retrieval") and 2) to allow the user to select one or more
documents in which to search ("defining a corpus" or "limiting one's
search"). If the user does not enter search term(s) into the Search
Text(s) For: box, PhiloLogic automatically acts as a document
retrieval system, providing a bibliography with links to the digital table
of contents of each document retrieved. If, on the other hand, term(s) are
entered into the Search Text(s) For: box, then PhiloLogic goes
into full-text searching mode, looking for the entered term(s) in the
document(s) specified in the bibliographic fields of the search-form.
In PhiloLogic the most common bibliographic fields for searching are:
A. Searching by Author:
Bibliographic entries in the author field must match the name exactly as
given in a database's online bibliography. (One may, however, use upper or
lower case letters; author searches are case insensitive.) Searches are on
"strings" of characters; in fact, punctuation, spaces, and diacritics must
be entered or one receives a "No documents found" message. Nonetheless,
author searching has been designed so that a user can enter the fewest
possible terms. Typically, it will suffice to enter an author's last name
if the author's name is unique within the online bibliography. Thus,
entering smollett is likely to select titles only by Tobias George
Smollett in the Eighteenth-Century Fiction Database. If entering
the author's full name, one must type smollett, tobias george.
Author searching also works on "sub-strings" so that entering
smoll also selects works by Smollett. PhiloLogic's wildcard characters may also be employed to match many
forms.
Note: At this time brackets ([ ]), double quotes ("), and parentheses (( )) are not searchable in the author field. Thus, block-copying an author listing such as Eliot, T. S. (Thomas Stearns) will produce a "No documents found" message. Try the most distinctive sub-string or a wildcard character (period) for the mark of punctuation.
To search the works of more than one author type the authors' names separated by a vertical bar (|) which serves as the OR operator (with no spaces intervening). Thus, smollett|fielding|sterne searches the works of Tobias George Smollett, Henry Fielding, and Laurence Sterne as would smollett, tobias george|fielding, henry|sterne, laurence. To select all the authors in a database, leave the "Author:" field, as well as the other fields, blank.
Please note that PhiloLogic now requires the user to take into account accented characters in bibliographic searching when accents appear in the online bibliography. Accents in bibliographic fields are to be represented in the same way as in full-text searching, described in detail in section 3.1 Accents and Special Characters. Thus one may 1) enter the accented character as such from one's browser, 2) use a two character sequence (e.g.,. e^) or 3) use an uppercase letter (e.g., E) to match any form of that letter. Thus, entering calderOn or caldero/n finds works by Pedro Calderón de la Barca in the Teatro español del siglo de oro database. Tip: In order to enter search terms without having to pay attention to diacritics simply turn on "Caps Lock" and type in all uppercase.
B. Searching by Title:
Bibliographic entries in the title field must match the title exactly as
given in a database's online bibliography. (One may, however, use upper or
lower case letters; title searches are case insensitive.) Searches are on
"strings" of characters; in fact, punctuation, spaces, and diacritics must
be entered or one receives a "No documents found" message. Nonetheless,
title searching has been designed so that a user can enter the fewest
possible terms. Complete titles' names are rarely required to compose
well-defined queries. Typically, it will suffice to enter an uncommon word
or phrase from a title if the word or phrase is unique within the online
bibliography. Thus, entering jones or tom jones is
likely to select only The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling by Henry
Fielding in the Eighteenth-Century Fiction Database. If entering a
title's full name, one must type history of tom jones, a foundling
with comma and spaces. Title searching also works on "sub-strings" so that
entering jon also selects Fielding's The History of Tom Jones,
a Foundling. PhiloLogic's wildcard characters may
also be employed to match many forms.
Note: At this time entering the following punctuation marks and symbols into the title field produces a "No documents found" message: parentheses, ampersand (&), double quotes, and brackets ([ ]). In all cases, punctuation and spacing must match exactly that in the bibliography.
To search more than one title at a time type the titles separated by a vertical bar (|) which acts as the OR operator (with no spaces intervening). Thus, jones|amelia selects both The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling and Amelia as would history of tom jones, a foundling|amelia. To select all titles in a database, leave the "Title:" box, as well as the "Author:" and "Date:" boxes, blank.
Please note that PhiloLogic now requires the user to take into account accented characters in bibliographic searching when accents appear in the online bibliography. Accents in bibliographic fields are to be represented in the same way as in full text searching, described in detail in section 3.1 Accents and Special Characters. Thus one may 1) enter the accented character as such from one's browser, 2) use a two character sequence (e.g.,. o/) or 3) use a capitalized letter (e.g., O) to match any form of that letter. Thus, entering nin~a de go/mez arias or niNa de gOmez arias finds La niña de Gómez Arias by Pedro Calderón de la Barca in the Teatro español del siglo de oro database. Tip: in order to enter search terms without having to pay attention to diacritics simply turn on "Caps Lock" and type in all uppercase.
C. Searching by Date:
To define a corpus by date or a range of dates enter a single year (e.g.,
1880) or a range of years (e.g., 1865-1875). Since some
works cannot be dated to an exact year, it is often best to adopt a range
of dates strategy. Always check a database's online bibliography to
confirm dates.
Note: At this time searching by date in several ETS databases is not always productive since in some cases the publisher has entered only the date of the printed edition from which the data have been drawn, not the date of the first edition, composition, or first performance. In the African-American Poetry Database, for example, only by searching for works published in 1993 is one able to search the poems of Paul Laurence Dunbar (1872-1906) by date, since the data come from the 1993 edition. The Database-Specific Searching Tips on individual database search-forms warns users if dates of first publication, composition, and/or performance have not been entered.
PhiloLogic displays bibliographic citations, which are linked to a work's digital table of contents, in a number of places:
Fielding, Sarah [1759], The History of the Countess of Dellwyn. In Two Volumes: By the Author of David Simple. [etc.] (Cambridge: Chadwyck - Healey, 1996) [FieSar,ThHiOfT3]. [Fielding, S./The Countess of Dellwyn, Vol. 1]
[Fielding, S./The Countess of Dellwyn, Vol. 1, Title Page]
[Fielding, S./The Countess of Dellwyn, Vol. 1, Preface]
[Fielding, S./The Countess of Dellwyn, Vol. 1, Book 1]
[Fielding, S./The Countess of Dellwyn, Vol. 1, Book 1, Chap. 1]
[Fielding, S./The Countess of Dellwyn, Vol. 1, Book 1, Chap. 2][...material omitted...]
[Fielding, S./The Countess of Dellwyn, Vol. 2]
[Fielding, S./The Countess of Dellwyn, Vol. 2, Title Page]
[Fielding, S./The Countess of Dellwyn, Vol. 2, Book 3]
[Fielding, S./The Countess of Dellwyn, Vol. 2, Book 3, Chap. 1]
[...material omitted...]
When a part is selected, PhiloLogic displays the bibliographic citation at the top and bottom of the text with a link back to the digital table of contents. It also allows one to go to previous and next sections at the same level of the hierarchy if they should exist.
When one selects a document part from a hierarchy or a page, PhiloLogic provides links, when available, to additional material such as images or cross-references (e.g., notes). In some documents, note references are displayed at the bottom of textual units with the notes themselves available through these links from a database note server. Specific details on the location of notes and other types of material are found on individual database search-forms under Database-Specific Searching Tips.
The term(s) to be searched in selected documents are entered into the Search Text(s) For: box on the search-form. Word searches in PhiloLogic are by default case insensitive, so that a search finds both lower and upper case representations of words. The user must, however, take into account diacritics when searching databases that have accented characters. PhiloLogic's wildcard characters may also be employed to match many forms. The simplest search in PhiloLogic is a single term search without wildcards. If searching for a term such as "magic" in a database, simply type the word magic into the Search Text(s) For: box and press the SEARCH button.
3.1 Accents and Special Characters:
PhiloLogic requires that one take into account diacritics when
searching documents with accented characters in both bibliographic and
full-text searching. The system provides three ways to search for accented
characters: 1) simply type the required accented character from the
keyboard; 2) use a capital letter to match all accented and non-accented
forms of a letter; or 3) enter the two character representations listed
below. Tip: If you do not want to have to think about accents,
turn on "Caps Lock" and type in all uppercase.
Special Characters and Symbols
In order to handle words properly that have italics, bold, underlining, superscripts, and subscripts, PhiloLogic does not treat the following tags as word separators:
3.2 Wildcard Characters and Boolean
Operators:
Wildcard characters allow the user to enter a single search entry that may
find many forms. This is in contrast to a simple word search which
requires an exact match in order to find a word. The following describes
the most commonly used wildcard characters in full-text searching and in
bibliographic searching.
3.2.1 Full-Text Searching: PhiloLogic supports wildcard characters and Boolean (logical) operators, which are modeled on UNIX regular expressions to perform "pattern matching" in full-text searching. Pattern matching allows identification of a large number of words corresponding to a defined pattern. Wildcard characters can be useful, for example, in identifying cognates made obscure by affixes and vowel weakening, inconsistencies due to irregular orthography, and variations on account of word inflection as well as for discovering potential emendations for uncertain readings. The most commonly used regular expression operators (wildcard and Boolean) are listed below.
Note: If you are using wildcard characters and would like to see a full list of the words matching your search-term, then run your search as a "Frequency by Title" search. The results page of a "Frequency by Title" search lists all the terms found in a database that match your search-term.
Boolean Operators
These expressions can be combined for more sophisticated searches; for example, searching old|aged|ancient m.n|fellow.* finds any of the three adjectives together with the nouns man or fellow in the singular or plural.
3.2.2 Bibliographic Searching (Corpus Definition and Document Retrieval): PhiloLogic also supports certain Boolean and wildcard operators, which are modeled on UNIX regular expressions, for "pattern matching" in bibliographic searching; however, there are important differences. Only the Boolean operator OR may be used and not AND since all bibliographic searches are by default consecutive searches. Furthermore, since bibliographic searches are also by default searching for "strings" of characters, the wildcard operator (.*) is not needed. Thus, typing habit in a bibliographic field is the same as typing .*habit.* in full-text searching. Names of authors and titles bearing diacritics must be entered with accented characters or with the use of a capital letter for the accented character. Bibliographic searching is otherwise also case insensitive. In bibliographic searching, unlike in full-text searching, marks of punctuation are not only permitted, but in most cases required, when found in the online bibliography. If the bibliography, for example, reads Poe, Edgar Allen, the name must be entered in the author field in the same inverted order with comma separating surname from given names. Otherwise, one receives a "No documents found!" message. One must also avoid unwanted spaces. Typically, it will suffice to enter an uncommon word or phrase from a title or author's name if the word or phrase is unique within the online bibliography.
Apostrophe: The only punctuation that PhiloLogic regularly supports in full-text searching is the apostrophe. Entering sister's retrieves "sister's" in most databases, but typing in sisters does not retrieve the possessives sister's or sisters', only the plural sisters. Always check Database-Specific Searching Tips on individual database search-forms to be sure since punctuation marks are treated differently because of a given language's needs. (In French and Italian, for example, the apostrophe separates words and thus must be entered with a space following it, e.g., l' histoire and d' Italia.)
Hyphen: Hyphens act as word separators in most databases. Thus, if looking for all occurrences of the word "valiant," one may enter only valiant and still find "ever-valiant." Always check Database-Specific Searching Tips on individual database search-forms to be sure since punctuation marks may be treated differently because of a given language's needs.
Brackets: Although brackets usually act as word-separators, they will not always, for example, when they indicate uncertain readings (Agr[ipp]ina). In the near future, PhiloLogic will support MSS punctuation for some databases, in which cases brackets will not be word-separators. Other marks of punctuation will be part of the MSS implementation. Always check individual search-forms under Database-Specific Searching Tips to know for sure.
Ampersand: The ampersand (&) is not a searchable character. Avoid Phrase Searches where an ampersand could be used as a conjunction.
Period: The period is not a searchable character (it serves as a wildcard operator). Please note that most databases are not tagged for sentence termination and therefore PhiloLogic must rely on marks of punctuation in combination with capitalization to identify sentence termination. This is especially problematic for combinations such as St. Ambrose. If you suspect that a period in an abbreviation may be splitting a phrase, switch to a Proximity Search in the same paragraph.
Punctuation and Bibliographic Searching: At this time entering the following marks of punctuation and symbols into bibliographic fields produces a "No documents found" message: parentheses (( )), semi-colons (;), colons (:), ampersand (&), apostrophes ('), single and double quotes, braces ({ }), brackets ([ ]), and angle brackets (< >) as well as the dollar sign ($).Thus block-copying a name such as D'Urfey, Thomas will produce a "No documents found" message. Try the most distinctive sub-string such as urfey or a wildcard character (period) for the mark of punctuation (e.g., d.urfey, thomas). The following punctuation marks have no adverse effect on an author or title search and, if appearing within a string, must be entered: period (.), hyphen (-), question mark (?), exclamation mark (!), forward slash (/), and comma (,).
4.1. Single Term and Phrase Search (Default):
To search a single term in the entire database or a defined corpus make sure that the Single Term and Phrase Search radio button is highlighted, simply enter the term into the Search Text(s) For: box, and press the SEARCH button. (One may use upper or lower case letters; searches are case insensitive.) Single Term searching supports wildcard characters and the Boolean operator OR, which is the vertical bar (|). Entering, for example, freedom|liberty retrieves all occurrences of the word "freedom" or "liberty" in the entire database or a specified corpus.
Similarly, to search a phrase make sure that the Single Term and Phrase Search radio button is highlighted, simply type the phrase into the Search Text(s) For: box, and press the SEARCH button. Phrase searching restricts the search to adjacent words in a particular order (punctuation in the text is ignored). Thus, for example, the search church state would not retrieve "church and state," but only cases where the word "church" is next to the word "state" with the word "church" preceding. To retrieve occurrences of the phrase "church and state" one must type in church and state. Phrase searching supports wildcard characters and the Boolean operator OR. Note: one cannot search for two separate phrases using the OR operator. Two separate searches must be run. One may, however, use the OR operator within a phrase; medieval|mediaeval age retrieves, for example, instances of both "medieval age" and "mediaeval age."
4.2 Proximity Searching in the Same Sentence or Paragraph:
Searching for more than one term in a single sentence or paragraph without regard to adjacency or word-order constitutes Proximity Searching. Simply type the terms in question into the Search Text(s) For: box, indicate whether they are to be found in the same sentence or paragraph by highlighting the appropriate radio button, and press SEARCH. (One may use upper or lower case letters; searches are case insensitive.) Proximity Searching supports wildcard characters, the Boolean operator OR, which is the vertical bar (|), and the Boolean operator AND, which is a space. If looking for occurrences of the words "church" and "state" within the same sentence or paragraph in any order, enter church state. Entering church state|throne retrieves instances of "church" and "state" or "church" and "throne" in the same sentence or paragraph. Note: at this time one cannot perform a proximity search with a phrase and another phrase or a phrase and another single term in the same sentence or paragraph. Remember; a space acts as the AND operator in proximity searching.
Sterne, Laurence [1760], The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman ... The Second Edition (Cambridge: Chadwyck - Healey, 1996) [SteLau,ThLiAnO].
Each typically shows the author's name, the date of first publication or composition, the title, information on the digital publication, and finally the short citation code in brackets. The short citation code is displayed with the reference for each occurrence in Concordance and KWIC reports. All full titles are linked to their digital table of contents (disabled in the example above).
A user can switch to another display format at any time while viewing results without having to resubmit a search. Simply click on the appropriate link ("Click here for a KWIC Report" or "Click here for a Concordance Report"), which is always provided at the bottom of any given results page (and usually at the top, unless the report is still in progress when the first 25 occurrences are initially displayed).
Note: PhiloLogic will not complete a search that yields more than 10,000 occurrences. Only the first 10,000 will be retrieved. In addition, users are currently limited to 500 unique forms in a single search. By using wildcard characters and Boolean operators one can sometimes submit a query for a very large set of terms, especially in highly inflected languages. If a search exceeds the limit of unique forms, PhiloLogic will provide a list of all 500 plus unique forms so that the user can devise an alternate strategy for searching. Some databases such as the PLD have higher limits set. Research is underway to find ways to increase this limit substantially.
5.1 Condordance Report (300 Characters Plus)
Concordance reporting is the default results format option. This report
indicates the number of texts searched, the search term(s) entered in a
defined corpus, and the total number of occurrences found. (The number of
occurrences displays at the top of the report if PhiloLogic has detected
the number before generating the first 25 occurrences. If not, the total
number of occurrences displays at the bottom of the report.) Following
this general information is a list of occurrences. Each occurrence is
represented by a short citation consisting of abbreviations for the
author's name and the title of the work with a reference to where the
term(s) in question occur within the document. (Full entries for the short
citations are listed in the Results Bibliography at the bottom of the
report.) References may be page numbers, acts and scenes, chapters and
verses, columns, and the like. Along side the citation is listed several
levels of context (e.g., page, paragraph, or levels of hierarchy designated
by h3, h2, and h1). Below the short citation there is a passage of text
consisting of some forty words on either side of the key word, which is
highlighted. PhiloLogic, however, displays as much text as needed to
capture all words in a multi-term search and all search words are
highlighted. The reference listed with the short citation is linked to the
text. If clicking on the page number, one retrieves the full page with key
words still highlighted. The same is true for paragraph and the three
other levels of hierarchy. Links to the previous and next page, paragraph
or levels respectively, if they exist, are provided.
Note: remember that, when searching for two or more terms within the same
paragraph, the concordance report expands the amount of text displayed to
include all of the search terms in the paragraph. At times the text
displayed in a proximity search to accommodate all the search terms may be
several screens in length since some paragraph divisions in documents in
some databases are very far apart.
In cases where a search finds more than 25 occurrences, PhiloLogic provides the first 25 occurrences with links at the bottom of the report to the remaining occurrences of the search in sets of one hundred. One may also retrieve a full list of occurrences which can be useful for down-loading or printing, but which may take some time to retrieve. Note: when results number over hundreds or thousands of occurrences, the report may not be complete when first starting to view results. In this case, one sees the message "The search is still in progress. 908 occurrences have been generated so far. (please follow the link(s) below to check on the progress) ". The server continues to append results until it has completed the entire report and, by clicking on any of the sets of one hundred, one can retrieve the full report.
In cases where a search finds more than 25 occurrences, PhiloLogic provides the first 25 occurrences with links at the bottom of the report to the remaining occurrences of the search in sets of one hundred. One may also retrieve a full list of occurrences which can be useful for down-loading or printing, but which may take some time to retrieve. Note: when results number over hundreds or thousands of occurrences, the report may not be complete when first starting to view results. In this case, one sees the message "The search is still in progress. [908] occurrences have been generated so far. (please follow the link(s) below to check on the progress) ". The server continues to append results until it has completed the entire report and, by clicking on any of the sets of one hundred, one can retrieve the full report.
Note: when executing a "Proximity Search," especially with paragraph set as the searching parameter, it is best to avoid the KWIC format since all search terms are not likely to be in the single line of text displayed. The term that is located first in the paragraph is the one that is centered in the single line of text. Using the Concordance results format ensures that all terms are included in the display even if the paragraph should happen to run for several pages. One can switch from a KWIC format to a Concordance Report format at any time while viewing results and switch back. PhiloLogic takes the user to the same set of results being viewed at the time of the switch.
A Frequency by Title report indicates the bibliographic criteria entered, the number of documents searched, the search term(s) entered, the number of unique forms derived from the search term(s) within the database, a list of those unique forms, and the total number of occurrences found in the defined corpus. Following this information, the report indicates the number of occurrences by title in descending order of frequency with a link to the digital table of contents for each title and a link to the occurrences found within that title. See below for an example (links to the table of contents and occurrences have been disabled).
Search Terms: newt | Newt | eft | Eft | efts
Your search found 3 occurrences.
1. 2 The Collected Poetry of Robinson Jeffers: Edited by Tim
Hunt: Volume 3 1938-1962, Jeffers, Robinson [Occurrences]
2. 1 Collected poems of Edwin Arlington Robinson, Robinson,
Edwin Arlington [Occurrences]
Any definable corpus or search can be used in generating this report. Unlike Concordance and KWIC reports, this report does not display text, only frequency statistics with links to occurrences displayed in Concordance Report format. Note: the sets of occurrences linked to from the frequency report are numbered in chronological order, not by frequency. In other words, clicking on the [Occurrences] link for a title at the top of the list could, for example, bring up occurrences numbered 21-28 instead of 1-8 because that title while ranked first in frequency is not first chronologically.
Search Terms: eft
| efts
| newt
Your search found 4 occurrences.
1. Scott, Walter, Sir, 1771--1832:
2
Notes: In PhiloLogic notes never interfere when searching
the text to which they refer. Note references are linked to notes and
in recently acquired databases text from notes is linked to page
references. Note references can be found on any level of context
(e.g., page, paragraph, h3, h2, or
h1), but not from a first-level results screen.
Images: Most images are displayed as inline images once the
user pulls up any level of context (e.g., page, paragraph, h3, h2, or
h1), but not from a first-level results screen.
Sound: In databases for which there are recordings, one finds
links to RealAudio files from any level of context (e.g., page,
paragraph, h3, h2, or
h1), but not from a first-level results screen.
5.4 Frequency by Author Report
A Frequency by Author report indicates the bibliographic criteria
entered, the number of documents searched, the search term(s)
entered, the number of unique forms derived from the search term(s)
within the database, a list of those unique forms, and the
total number of occurrences found in the defined corpus. Following
this information, the report indicates the number of
occurrences by author in descending order of frequency with individual
titles listed with a link to
the digital table of contents for each title and a link to the
occurrences found within that title. See below for an example (links
to the table of contents and occurrences have been
disabled).
Bibliographic criteria: none
Searching Entire Database
for newt|eft.?.
Number of Unique Forms: 3
Frequency by Author in descending numeric order:
1: A
Legend of Montrose [in, the Waverley Novels] [Occurrences]
1: Guy
Mannering; Or, The Astrologer [in, the Waverley
Novels] [Occurrences]
2. Lytton, Edward Bulwer Lytton, Baron, 1803--1873:
2
2: Pelham;
Or, The Adventures Of A Gentleman [Occurrences]
Any definable corpus or search can be used in generating this
report. Unlike Concordance and KWIC reports, this report does
not display text, only frequency statistics with links to occurrences
displayed in Concordance Report format. Note: the sets of
occurrences linked to from the frequency report are numbered in
chronological order, not by frequency. In other words, clicking
on the [Occurrences] link for a title at the top of the list could,
for example, bring up occurrences numbered 21-28 instead of
1-8 because that author's title while ranked first in frequency is not first
chronologically.
5.5 Navigating Documents from Word Searches
In a Concordance report one finds several options for viewing more context
around one's matched term(s). In addition to "page" and paragraph, one
finds other levels of context. The parts of a document in up to three
levels of hierarchy are indicated by h3, h2, and h1 and reflect the logical
organization of the document from smaller parts (h3) to larger parts (h1).
In other words, the top level part of a hierarchy is h1; the second level
is h2; and the third level of a hierarchy is h3. What each level represents
depends upon how each text was encoded and so in some cases there may not
be an h3 (e.g., Volume/Book/Chapter or Act/Scene). Any part of any level may be selected by simply clicking on
it. Once a user goes to a second level of context, he/she will find the
search term(s) still highlighted. One may also find the next and previous
sections for each level if one should wish to "flip through" the document
by sections (provided that a next or previous section exists for a given
level). As always, the linked table of contents for the entire work is
available by clicking on the title of the work as listed in the Results
Bibliography at the bottom of a report or in the reference citation, when
within sections, listed at the top and bottom of any level of sections.
Please note that some databases have limited navigation because of copyright restrictions, at which times only a few pages of context are allowed and the links from the digtial table of contents are disabled.
6. Getting More Help
The Library offers a number of instructional opportunities for the University of Chicago community on searching full-text databases available through ETS. Once a month an open course is offered in the Electronic Classroom, JRL 153, to those interested in full-text manipulation in general. Patrons can also arrange for tutorials or workshops at other times and on particular databases. Faculty and preceptors are especially encouraged to set up classroom instruction tailored to their specific courses. To set up tutorials and workshops please contact:
Catherine Mardikes, ETS Coordinator, located on the fourth floor of the Joseph Regenstein Library, Room 471; (c-mardikes@uchicago.edu; 702-2783).
Access for Other Institutions to databases under PhiloLogic:
To discuss the possibility of gaining access to the PhiloLogic version of a database contact Catherine Mardikes, ETS Coordinator, at c-mardikes@uchicago.edu.
| Please direct comments or queries about this service to ets@lib.uchicago.edu. |
|